Engine maintenance checklist — what I do every 100 hours

Your engine is your safety net when the wind dies or the manoeuvring gets tight. Here’s my 100-hour service checklist for a Volvo Penta D2-40 (but most of it applies to any marine diesel):

Every 100 hours (or annually, whichever comes first):

  • Change engine oil and filter
  • Change fuel filter (primary and secondary)
  • Check/replace impeller — don’t wait for it to fail
  • Check belt tension and condition
  • Check coolant level and antifreeze strength
  • Clean raw water strainer
  • Check anodes (heat exchanger and elsewhere)
  • Check alternator output
  • Inspect exhaust elbow for carbon buildup

Every 200 hours:

  • Change gearbox oil
  • Check prop shaft seal/cutless bearing
  • Service fuel injection system (professional job)

Daily checks (before every trip):

  • Engine oil level
  • Coolant level
  • Belt condition (quick visual)
  • Raw water strainer (clear?)
  • Exhaust (check water is coming out with the exhaust)

The most neglected item on this list? The impeller. A failed impeller means no cooling water, which means an overheated engine, which can mean a catastrophic head gasket failure at sea. Carry a spare and change it before it disintegrates.

What does your maintenance routine look like?

Good list James. I’d add: change the impeller at the start of every season regardless of hours. The rubber deteriorates even when it’s not running, especially in the Med heat. A €15 impeller is a lot cheaper than a new heat exchanger.

I also bleed my fuel system at every filter change. Air in the fuel lines is the most common reason for a diesel engine not starting, and it always happens at the worst possible moment.

I’d add zinc anodes to the must-check list. In Mediterranean waters they corrode fast — I check mine monthly and replace them every 3-4 months. The salt content and water temperature here eat them much faster than in northern waters.

Also, a tip: keep a maintenance log with dates and hours. It’s not just good practice — it adds value when you sell the boat. A buyer who sees a complete service history pays more.

On the charter boats we service at 250 hours or every 6 months, and the number one failure we see is fuel contamination. Med marinas can have dirty fuel and the warm temperatures promote diesel bug growth. I’d add: use a fuel biocide additive at every fill, and drain the water trap on your primary filter regularly.

Also, RUN your engine regularly even if you’re at anchor. A diesel that sits for weeks without running develops problems.

Bookmarking this for when we have a boat. I’ve got a background in mechanical engineering so I’m looking forward to doing my own maintenance. Is there a good marine diesel course anywhere in Mallorca? I’d like to learn the specifics before we buy.